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The Physics of Spin in Table Tennis

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Why Does Spin Behave the Way it Does?

(c) 2005 Jonathan Roberts
To fully understand the dynamics of spin, the relative air speed in relation to the ball's speed must be examined. If you spin the ball (in the diagram below it is top spun), then at a certain point, it will have a minimum relative air speed. At the point where there is a minimum relative air speed, a slight vacuum occurs.

A Topspun Ball Moving Through the Air
In the above diagram, the wind is in quotes, because it is created by the direction the ball is traveling. It's the same as riding a bike on a still day. It will feel as though there is a breeze in your face. The arrows on the ball indicate the direction the ball is rotating. When the arrows point in the same direction as the 'wind direction' a slight vacuum will form.

Nature doesn't like vacuums and will tend to try and fill it. The way this occurs is by surrounding objects filling the void. In this case, it is the table tennis ball. The ball will tend to drop into the vacuum. This explains why top spun shots will drop quickly.

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